Sevenfederal income tax brackets and rates in 2023 and 2024. 10 percent, 12%, 22 percent, 24%, 32 35%, and 37 percent. Your tax-deductible income and tax filing status determine which tax rates apply to you.
The U.S. federal tax rates are expected to remain the same until 2025 due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. However, the income thresholds that determine the brackets in taxation are typically adjusted every year to be in line with the rate of inflation.
These adjustments will help to stop taxpayers from falling into an upper tax bracket as their living expenses rise which is commonly referred to as “bracket creep.” The bracket adjustments could also help lower taxes for those whose income is not keeping up with the rate of inflation.
2023 tax brackets (tax returns filed April 2024)
Federal income tax returns for 2023 must be filed on the 15th of April, 2024, or on October 15, 2024, if there is the possibility of a time extension. The tax rate is seven to consider: 10 percent, 12% 22 percent, 24%, 32 35%, and 37%.
Tax brackets 2023
Tax Rate
Single
Married filing jointly
Married filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $11,000.
$0 to $22,000.
$0 to $11,000.
$0 to $15,700.
12%
$11,001 to $44,725.
$22,001 to $89,450.
$11,001 to $44,725.
$15,701 to $59,850.
22%
$44,726 to $95,375.
$89,451 to $190,750.
$44,726 to $95,375.
$59,851 to $95,350.
24%
$95,376 to $182,100.
$190,751 to $364,200.
$95,376 to $182,100.
$95,351 to $182,100.
32%
$182,101 to $231,250.
$364,201 to $462,500.
$182,101 to $231,250.
$182,101 to $231,250.
35%
$231,251 to $578,125.
$462,501 to $693,750.
$231,251 to $346,875.
$231,251 to $578,100.
37%
$578,126 or more.
$693,751 or more.
$346,876 or more.
$578,101 or more.
The income thresholds of the tax brackets for 2023 were increased substantially — about 7 percent from 2022, due tothe record-breaking inflation. This means that some individuals could find themselves in lower tax brackets than previously. Learn more information about tax rates for 2023 and the taxes due for each tax status across the taxable income brackets below.
2023 tax brackets: single filers
Tax Rate
Taxable income bracket
Tax owed
10%
$0 to $11,000.
10% of taxable income.
12%
$11,001 to $44,725.
$1,100 plus 12% of the amount over $11,000.
22%
$44,726 to $95,375.
$5,147 plus 22% of the amount over $44,725.
24%
$95,376 to $182,100.
$16,290 plus 24% of the amount over $95,375.
32%
$182,101 to $231,250.
$37,104 plus 32% of the amount over $182,100.
35%
$231,251 to $578,125.
$52,832 plus 35% of the amount over $231,250.
37%
$578,126 or more.
$174,238.25 plus 37% of the amount over $578,125.
2023 tax brackets: married filing jointly
Tax rate
Taxable income bracket
Taxes owed
10%
$0 to $22,000.
10% of taxable income.
12%
$22,001 to $89,450.
$2,200 plus 12% of the amount over $22,000.
22%
$89,451 to $190,750.
$10,294 plus 22% of the amount over $89,450.
24%
$190,751 to $364,200.
$32,580 plus 24% of the amount over $190,750.
32%
$364,201 to $462,500.
$74,208 plus 32% of the amount over $364,200.
35%
$462,501 to $693,750.
$105,664 plus 35% of the amount over $462,500.
37%
$693,751 or more.
$186,601.50 + 37% of the amount over $693,750.
2023 tax brackets: married filing separately
Tax rate
Taxable income bracket
Taxes owed
10%
$0 to $11,000.
10% of taxable income.
12%
$11,001 to $44,725.
$1,100 plus 12% of the amount over $11,000.
22%
$44,726 to $95,375.
$5,147 plus 22% of the amount over $44,725.
24%
$95,376 to $182,100.
$16,290 plus 24% of the amount over $95,375.
32%
$182,101 to $231,250.
$37,104 plus 32% of the amount over $182,100.
35%
$231,251 to $346,875.
$52,832 plus 35% of the amount over $231,250.
37%
$346,876 or more.
$93,300.75 plus 37% of the amount over $346,875.
2023 tax brackets: head of household
Tax rate
Taxable income bracket
Tax owed
10%
$0 to $15,700.
10% of taxable income.
12%
$15,701 to $59,850.
$1,570 plus 12% of the amount over $15,700.
22%
$59,851 to $95,350.
$6,868 plus 22% of the amount over $59,850.
24%
$95,351 to $182,100.
$14,678 plus 24% of the amount over $95,350.
32%
$182,101 to $231,250.
$35,498 plus 32% of the amount over $182,100.
35%
$231,251 to $578,100.
$51,226 plus 35% of the amount over $231,250.
37%
$578,101 or more.
$172,623.50 plus 37% of the amount over $578,100.
2024 tax brackets (tax returns filed April 2025)
Each bracket will experience an approximately 5.4 percent increase from 2023. That means that taxpayers whose earnings aren’t keeping pace with inflation could be able to protect more of their earnings from taxes this year. The tax rates for 2024 which range between 10% and 37%, are similar to the previous years.
The U.S. has a progressive tax system. This implies that the federal government determines how much tax you must pay by dividing your income tax deductible into parts — also called tax brackets and each one is taxed at a specific tax rate. The tax rate that is the highest is the marginal tax rate which applies to the amount of your income.
A progressive system of taxation implies that those who earn more taxable incomes are subject to higher rates of federal income tax while those who earn less taxable income are less liable to taxes on income in the federal government. The benefit of the tax brackets is, no regardless of the tax class you fall into you will not pay that tax on all of your income.
Examples: If you had $50,000 of tax-deductible income in 2023 as a single-filer, you’d be paying 10% on the first $11,000 and 12% for the portion of the income from $11,001 to $44,725. You’d then pay 22% for the remainder since some of your $50,000 in taxable income falls within the tax bracket of 22. The total cost will be around $6,300roughly 13 percent of tax-deductible income, despite being in the 22 percent bracket. This is the 13% tax-effective rate..
2. State income taxes may work differently than federal income taxes
States might have different tax policies as compared to those of the Federal government. States may have theirtax brackets, or completely use a different system. Colorado is one example. It has a flat tax on income rate of 4.4 percent on income that is tax deductible as well as certain states, like Wyoming aren’t required to impose an income tax for state residents in any way.
Tax rate marginal is the tax that you pay on the last dollar of income taxable. It is usually the most tax-efficient bracket.
If, for instance, you’re a single-filer in 2023, with a total of $35,000 tax-payable income, you’d be in the tax bracket that is 12. If your tax-deductible income went up by one dollar each, you’d pay an additional 12% tax on that dollar, too.
If you have $45,000 of income that was tax deductible the majority of it would be into the 12% bracket, but the final handful of hundred dollars will be within the tax rate of the 22% bracket. The marginal tax rate would be 22 percent.
What is an effective tax rate?
The proportion of your tax-deductible income you pay taxes is known as an effective tax percentage. To determine your tax-effective rate, divide the total tax due (line 16) on Form 1040 by your taxable earnings (line 15,).
How to reduce taxes owed
Two popular ways to reduce the tax burden are deductions and credits.
Tax credit can help reduce taxes on a dollar-for-dollar basis. They don’t change the tax bracket you’re in.
Tax deductson the opposite, on the other hand, decrease the amount of your tax-exempt earnings. In general, deductions reduce your tax-deductible income by the amount of the highest federal income tax bracket. For example, if you are in the tax bracket 22 and you take a deduction of $1,000, it could mean you save $220.
That’s right, you should make sure you take advantage of all tax deductions you’re eligible for. Tax deductions could reduce your taxable income, and can also propel you into a lower rate, meaning that you have a lower tax rate.
Tax brackets and rates for 2012-2022
Are you interested in how the federal taxes and brackets for income have changed through the years? Check at the past.
2022 tax brackets and rates
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $10,275.
$0 to $20,550.
$0 to $10,275.
$0 to $14,650.
12%
$10,276 to $41,775.
$20,551 to $83,550.
$10,276 to $41,775.
$14,651 to $55,900.
22%
$41,776 to $89,075.
$83,551 to $178,150.
$41,776 to $89,075.
$55,901 to $89,050.
24%
$89,076 to $170,050.
$178,151 to $340,100.
$89,076 to $170,050.
$89,051 to $170,050.
32%
$170,051 to $215,950.
$340,101 to $431,900.
$170,051 to $215,950.
$170,051 to $215,950.
35%
$215,951 to $539,900.
$431,901 to $647,850.
$215,951 to $323,925.
$215,951 to $539,900.
37%
$539,901 or more.
$647,851 or more.
$323,926 or more.
$539,901 or more.
2021 tax brackets and rates
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $9,950
$0 to $19,900
$0 to $9,950
$0 to $14,200
12%
$9,951 to $40,525
$19,901 to $81,050
$9,951 to $40,525
$14,201 to $54,200
22%
$40,526 to $86,375
$81,051 to $172,750
$40,526 to $86,375
$54,201 to $86,350
24%
$86,376 to $164,925
$172,751 to $329,850
$86,376 to $164,925
$86,351 to $164,900
32%
$164,926 to $209,425
$329,851 to $418,850
$164,926 to $209,425
$164,901 to $209,400
35%
$209,426 to $523,600
$418,851 to $628,300
$209,426 to $314,150
$209,401 to $523,600
37%
$523,601 or more
$628,301 or more
$314,151 or more
$523,601 or more
2020 tax brackets and rates
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $9,875
$0 to $19,750
$0 to $9,875
$0 to $14,100
12%
$9,876 to $40,125
$19,751 to $80,250
$9,876 to $40,125
$14,101 to $53,700
22%
$40,126 to $85,525
$80,251 to $171,050
$40,126 to $85,525
$53,701 to $85,500
24%
$85,526 to $163,300
$171,051 to $326,600
$85,526 to $163,300
$85,501 to $163,300
32%
$163,301 to $207,350
$326,601 to $414,700
$163,301 to $207,350
$163,301 to $207,350
35%
$207,351 to $518,400
$414,701 to $622,050
$207,351 to $311,025
$207,351 to $518,400
37%
$518,401 or more
$622,051 or more
$311,026 or more
$518,401 or more
2019 tax brackets and rates
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $9,700
$0 to $19,400
$0 to $9,700
$0 to $13,850
12%
$9,701 to $39,475
$19,401 to $78,950
$9,701 to $39,475
$13,851 to $52,850
22%
$39,476 to $84,200
$78,951 to $168,400
$39,476 to $84,200
$52,851 to $84,200
24%
$84,201 to $160,725
$168,401 to $321,450
$84,201 to $160,725
$84,201 to $160,700
32%
$160,726 to $204,100
$321,451 to $408,200
$160,726 to $204,100
$160,701 to $204,100
35%
$204,101 to $510,300
$408,201 to $612,350
$204,101 to $306,175
$204,101 to $510,300
37%
$510,301 or more
$612,351 or more
$306,176 or more
$510,301 or more
2018 tax brackets and rates
2018 Federal Income Tax Brackets
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $9,525
$0 to $19,050
$0 to $9,525
$0 to $13,600
12%
$9,526 to $38,700
$19,051 to $77,400
$9,526 to $38,700
$13,601 to $51,800
22%
$38,701 to $82,500
$77,401 to $165,000
$38,701 to $82,500
$51,801 to $82,500
24%
$82,501 to $157,500
$165,001 to $315,000
$82,501 to $157,500
$82,501 to $157,500
32%
$157,501 to $200,000
$315,001 to $400,000
$157,501 to $200,000
$157,501 to $200,000
35%
$200,001 to $500,000
$400,001 to $600,000
$200,001 to $300,000
$200,001 to $500,000
37%
$500,001 or more
$600,001 or more
$300,001 or more
$500,001 or more
2017 tax brackets and rates
2017 Federal Income Tax Brackets
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $9,325
$0 to $18,650
$0 to $9,325
$0 to $13,350
15%
$9,326 to $37,950
$18,651 to $75,900
$9,326 to $37,950
$13,351 to $50,800
25%
$37,951 to $91,900
$75,901 to $153,100
$37,951 to $76,550
$50,801 to $131,200
28%
$91,901 to $191,650
$153,101 to $233,350
$76,551 to $116,675
$131,201 to $212,500
33%
$191,651 to $416,700
$233,351 to $416,700
$116,676 to $208,350
$212,501 to $416,700
35%
$416,701 to $418,400
$416,701 to $470,700
$208,351 to $235,350
$416,701 to $444,550
39.6%
$418,401 or more
$470,701 or more
$235,351 or more
$444,551 or more
2016 tax brackets and rates
2016 Federal Income Tax Brackets
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $9,275
$0 to $18,550
$0 to $9,275
$0 to $13,250
15%
$9,276 to $37,650
$18,550 to $75,300
$9,275 to $37,650
$13,250 to $50,400
25%
$37,650 to $91,150
$75,300 to $151,900
$37,650 to $75,950
$50,400 to $130,150
28%
$91,150 to $190,150
$151,900 to $231,450
$75,950 to $115,725
$130,150 to $210,800
33%
$190,150 to $413,350
$231,450 to $413,350
$115,725 to $206,675
$210,800 to $413,350
35%
$413,350 to $415,050
$413,350 to $466,950
$206,675 to $233,475
$413,350 to $441,000
39.6%
$415,050 or more
$466,950 or more
$233,475 or more
$441,000 or more
2015 tax brackets and rates
2015 Federal Income Tax Brackets
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $9,225
$0 to $18,450
$0 to $9,225
$0 to $13,150
15%
$9,226 to $37,450
$18,451 to $74,900
$9,226 to $37,450
$13,151 to $50,200
25%
$37,451 to $90,750
$74,901 to $151,200
$37,451 to $75,600
$50,201 to $129,600
28%
$90,751 to $189,300
$151,201 to $230,450
$75,601 to $115,225
$129,601 to $209,850
33%
$189,301 to $411,500
$230,451 to $411,500
$115,226 to $205,750
$209,851 to $411,500
35%
$411,501 to $413,200
$411,501 to $464,850
$205,751 to $232,425
$411,501 to $439,000
39.6%
$413,201 or more
$464,851 or more
$232,426 or more
$439,001 or more
2014 tax brackets and rates
2014 Federal Income Tax Brackets
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $9,075
$0 to $18,150
$0 to $9,075
$0 to $12,950
15%
$9,076 to $36,900
$18,151 to $73,800
$9,076 to $36,900
$12,951 to $49,400
25%
$36,901 to $89,350
$73,801 to $148,850
$36,901 to $74,425
$49,401 to $127,550
28%
$89,351 to $186,350
$148,851 to $226,850
$74,426 to $113,425
$127,551 to $206,600
33%
$186,351 to $405,100
$226,851 to $405,100
$113,426 to $202,550
$206,601 to $405,100
35%
$405,101 to $406,750
$405,101 to $457,600
$202,551 to $228,800
$405,101 to $432,200
39.6%
$406,751 or more
$457,601 or more
$228,801 or more
$432,201 or more
2013 tax brackets and rates
2013 Federal Income Tax Brackets
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $8,925
$0 to $17,850
$0 to $8,925
$0 to $12,750
15%
$8,926 to $36,250
$17,851 to $72,500
$8,926 to $36,250
$12,751 to $48,600
25%
$36,251 to $87,850
$72,501 to $146,400
$36,251 to $73,200
$48,601 to $125,450
28%
$87,851 to $183,250
$146,401 to $223,050
$73,201 to $111,525
$125,451 to $203,150
33%
$183,251 to $398,350
$223,051 to $398,350
$111,526 to $199,175
$203,151 to $398,350
35%
$398,351 to $400,000
$398,351 to $450,000
$199,176 to $225,000
$398,351 to $425,000
39.6%
$400,001 or more
$450,001 or more
$225,001 or more
$425,001 or more
2012 tax brackets and rates
2012 Federal Income Tax Brackets
Tax rate
Single
Married, filing jointly
Married, filing separately
Head of household
10%
$0 to $8,700
$0 to $17,400
$0 to $8,700
$0 to $12,400
15%
$8,701 to $35,350
$17,401 to $70,700
$8,701 to $35,350
$12,401 to $47,350
25%
$35,351 to $85,650
$70,701 to $142,700
$35,351 to $71,350
$47,351 to $122,300
28%
$85,651 to $178,650
$142,701 to $217,450
$71,351 to $108,725
$122,301 to $198,050
33%
$178,651 to $388,350
$217,451 to $388,350
$108,726 to $194,175
$198,051 to $388,350
35%
$388,351 or more
$388,351 or more
$194,1756 or more
$388,351 or more
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